目 录 学习单元1 计算机网络和互联网 ......................................................................1 1.1 全球联网 ..............................................................................................................................1 1.2 互联网的组成 ......................................................................................................................3 1.3 计算机网络的组成及分类 ....................................................................................................8 1.4 计算机网络的性能 .............................................................................................................10 1.5 计算机网络体系结构 .........................................................................................................12 学习单元2 家庭网络（SOHO）的组建 .........................................................18 2.1 物理层协议 ........................................................................................................................18 2.2 数据通信的基础知识 .........................................................................................................20 2.3 传输媒体 ............................................................................................................................25 2.4 数据链路层 ........................................................................................................................29 2.5 IP地址基础知识 ................................................................................................................35 2.6 技能训练1：双绞线线缆及其制作 ....................................................................................36 2.7 技能训练2：家庭网络（SOHO）的组建 ..........................................................................37 学习单元3 小型办公室局域网的组建 ............................................................42 3.1 局域网概述 ........................................................................................................................42 3.2 局域网媒体访问控制方法 ..................................................................................................44 3.3 标准以太网技术 .................................................................................................................48 3.4 扩展的以太网 ....................................................................................................................52 3.5 高速以太网技术 .................................................................................................................58 3.6 虚拟局域网技术 .................................................................................................................68 3.7 企业园区网层次化设计 .....................................................................................................71 3.8 技能训练1：小型交换式网络组建 ....................................................................................76 3.9 技能训练2：交换机地址学习 ............................................................................................80 学习单元4 网络的互联 ...................................................................................86 4.1 网络层概述 ........................................................................................................................86 4.2 网络层协议 ........................................................................................................................89 4.3 网际控制报文协议 .............................................................................................................97 4.4 互联网的路由选择协议 .....................................................................................................99 4.5 网络层设备——路由器 ...................................................................................................105 4.6 IP多播 .............................................................................................................................108 4.7 技能训练1：网络层常用命令 ...........................................................................................111 4.8 技术训练2：分析ARP、IP和ICMP报文 .....................................................................119 学习单元5 IP编址 ........................................................................................132 5.1 IPv4地址 .........................................................................................................................132 计算机网络技术实用教程（第3版） IV 5.2 下一代的网际协议IPv6 ...................................................................................................136 5.3 IPv4向IPv6过渡 ............................................................................................................142 5.4 技能训练：使用IPv6组网 ...............................................................................................145 学习单元6 对IP网络划分子网 ....................................................................149 6.1 IPv4地址 .........................................................................................................................149 6.2 技能训练 ：子网划分 .......................................................................................................161 学习单元7 传输层 ........................................................................................167 7.1 传输层协议 ......................................................................................................................167 7.2 用户数据报协议UDP ......................................................................................................171 7.3 传输控制协议TCP概述 ..................................................................................................172 7.4 技能训练1：常用命令 .....................................................................................................181 7.5 技能训练2：传输层协议实验 ..........................................................................................184 学习单元8 应用层 ........................................................................................192 8.1 应用层协议 ......................................................................................................................192 8.2 域名系统DNS .................................................................................................................194 8.3 万维网 ..............................................................................................................................203 8.4 文件传输协议 ..................................................................................................................211 8.5 动态主机配置协议 ...........................................................................................................213 8.6 电子邮件 ..........................................................................................................................217 8.7 远程终端协议Telnet ........................................................................................................220 8.8 技能训练：分析DNS报文及协议 ...................................................................................221 学习单元9 无线网络和移动网络 ..................................................................233 9.1 无线网络基础知识 ...........................................................................................................233 9.2 无线局域网 ......................................................................................................................235 9.3 技能训练：构建基础网络无线局域网 .............................................................................245 学习单元10 广域网与宽带接入技术 ............................................................250 10.1 广域网技术 ....................................................................................................................250 10.2 宽带接入网技术 .............................................................................................................254 10.3 互联网服务提供商 .........................................................................................................269 10.4 局域网接入与网络地址转换NAT ..................................................................................273 学习单元11 中小型网络安全攻防 ................................................................278 11.1 网络安全概述 .................................................................................................................278 11.2 数据密码技术 .................................................................................................................279 11.3 网络安全威胁技术 .........................................................................................................285 11.4 网络安全防护技术 .........................................................................................................289 11.5 互联网使用的安全协议 ..................................................................................................292 11.6 项目：中小型网络安全攻防 ...........................................................................................298 参考文献 ..........................................................................................................308