目录 第 1章 无线传感器网络 .............................................................................................................1 1.1无线传感器网络概述 ....................................................................................................1 1.2无线传感器网络的发展历程及发展趋势 ....................................................................2 1.2.1 无线传感器网络的发展历程 ............................................................................2 1.2.2 无线传感器网络的发展趋势 ............................................................................3 1.3无线传感器网络的研究现状和前景 ............................................................................3 1.4无线传感器网络的特点 ................................................................................................4 1.5无线传感器网络体系结构 ............................................................................................6 1.6无线传感器网络的关键技术 ........................................................................................9 1.7无线传感器网络应用与发展 ......................................................................................11 1.8典型短距离无线通信网络技术 ..................................................................................14 1.9无线传感器网络的主要研究领域 ..............................................................................19 思考题...................................................................................................................................21 第 2章 IEEE 802.15.4无线传感器网络通信标准 ..................................................................22 2.1 IEEE 802.15.4标准概述 .............................................................................................22 2.2网络组成和拓扑结构 ..................................................................................................26 2.3协议栈架构 ..................................................................................................................28 2.4物理层规范 ..................................................................................................................29 2.5 MAC层规范 ................................................................................................................31 2.6 MAC/PHY信息交互流程 ...........................................................................................38 2.7基于 IEEE 802.15.4标准的无线传感器网络应用实例 ................................................39 思考题...................................................................................................................................41 第 3章 ZigBee无线传感器网络通信标准 ..............................................................................42 3.1 ZigBee标准概述 .........................................................................................................42 3.2 ZigBee技术特点 .........................................................................................................43 3.3 ZigBee协议框架 .........................................................................................................45 3.4 ZigBee网络层规范 .....................................................................................................46 3.5 ZigBee应用层规范 .....................................................................................................48 3.6 ZigBee安全服务规范 .................................................................................................50 思考题...................................................................................................................................50 第 4章 ZigBee开发平台..........................................................................................................51 4.1 ZigBee硬件开发平台 .................................................................................................52 4.1.1 CC2530射频模块............................................................................................52 4.1.2 调试器接口 ......................................................................................................53 4.1.3 ZigBee学习板 .................................................................................................54 4.2 ZigBee软件开发平台 .................................................................................................56 4.2.1 IAR简介 ..........................................................................................................56 4.2.2 IAR基本操作 ..................................................................................................57 第 5章 CC2530基础实验 ........................................................................................................63 5.1 CC2530无线片上系统概述........................................................................................63 5.1.1 CC2530芯片主要特性 ....................................................................................64 5.1.2 CC2530的应用领域........................................................................................64 5.1.3 CC2530概述....................................................................................................65 5.1.4 CC2530芯片引脚的功能 ................................................................................67 5.1.5 CC2530增强型 8051内核简介......................................................................68 5.2通用 I/O端口...............................................................................................................68 5.2.1 通用 I/O端口简介...........................................................................................68 5.2.2 通用 I/O端口相关寄存器...............................................................................69 5.2.3 实验：点亮 LED .............................................................................................70 5.2.4 实验：按键控制 LED交替闪烁 ....................................................................71 5.3外部中断 ......................................................................................................................72 5.3.1 中断概述 ..........................................................................................................72 5.3.2 中断屏蔽 ..........................................................................................................73 5.3.3 中断处理 ..........................................................................................................75 5.3.4 实验：按键中断控制 LED .............................................................................78 5.4定时器 ..........................................................................................................................79 5.4.1 片内外设 I/O....................................................................................................79 5.4.2 定时器简介 ......................................................................................................81 5.4.3 定时器 1寄存器..............................................................................................81 5.4.4 定时器 1操作..................................................................................................82 5.4.5 16位计数器 .....................................................................................................83 5.4.6 实验：定时器 1控制 LED闪烁 ....................................................................84 5.4.7 定时器 3/4概述...............................................................................................85 5.4.8 实验：定时器 1和定时器 3同时控制 LED1和 LED2以不同频率闪烁 .....86 5.5 1602型 LCD ................................................................................................................88 5.5.1 1602型 LCD简介 ...........................................................................................88 5.5.2 1602型 LCD引脚功能 ...................................................................................88 5.5.3 1602型 LCD的特性 .......................................................................................88 5.5.4 1602型 LCD字符集 .......................................................................................88 5.5.5 1602型 LCD基本操作程序 ...........................................................................89 5.5.6 1602型 LCD指令集 .......................................................................................90 5.5.7 1602型 LCD 4线连接方式 ............................................................................90 5.5.8 实验： LCD显示实验 .....................................................................................90 5.6 USART .........................................................................................................................94 5.6.1 串行通信接口 ..................................................................................................94 5.6.2 串行通信接口寄存器 ......................................................................................95 5.6.3 设置串行通信接口寄存器波特率 ..................................................................97 5.6.4 实验： UART发送 ..........................................................................................97 5.6.5 UART接收 ......................................................................................................99 5.6.6 实验： UART发送与接收 ..............................................................................99 5.7 ADC............................................................................................................................102 5.7.1 ADC简介 ......................................................................................................102 5.7.2 ADC输入 ......................................................................................................102 5.7.3 ADC寄存器 ..................................................................................................103 5.7.4 ADC转换结果 ..............................................................................................105 5.7.5 单个 ADC转换 .............................................................................................105 5.7.6 实验：片内温度传感器实验 ........................................................................105 5.8睡眠定时器 ................................................................................................................106 5.8.1 睡眠定时器简介 ............................................................................................106 5.8.2 睡眠定时器寄存器 ........................................................................................107 5.8.3 实验：睡眠定时器唤醒实验 ........................................................................107 5. 9时钟和电源管理 ........................................................................................................ 111 5.9.1 CC2530电源管理简介 .................................................................................. 111 5.9.2 CC2530电源管理控制 .................................................................................. 111 5.9.3 CC2530振荡器和时钟 ..................................................................................112 5.9.4 实验：中断唤醒系统实验 ............................................................................112 5.10看门狗 ......................................................................................................................114 5. 10.1看门狗模式 ................................................................................................115 5. 10.2定时器模式 ................................................................................................115 5. 10.3看门狗定时器寄存器 ................................................................................115 5. 10.4实验：看门狗实验 ....................................................................................116 5.11 DMA.........................................................................................................................118 5.11.1 DMA操作..................................................................................................118 5.11.2 DMA配置参数..........................................................................................119 5.11.3 DMA配置安装..........................................................................................121 5.11.4实验： DMA传输......................................................................................122 思考题.................................................................................................................................125 第 6章常用传感器 .................................................................................................................126 6. 1数字温湿度传感器 DHT11 .......................................................................................126 6.1.1 DHT11简介...................................................................................................126 6.1.2 DHT11典型应用电路 ...................................................................................126 6.1.3 DHT11串行接口...........................................................................................126 6.1.4 DHT11串行接口通信过程 ...........................................................................127 6.1.5 实验： DHT11实验.......................................................................................128 6. 2红外人体感应模块实验 ............................................................................................131 6.2.1 红外人体感应模块功能特点 ........................................................................131 6.2.2 实验：红外人体感应模块实验 ....................................................................132 6. 3结露传感器实验 ........................................................................................................132 6.3.1 结露传感器 HDS05特性曲线 ......................................................................132 6.3.2 结露传感器 HDS05电路设计 ......................................................................133 6.3.3 实验：结露传感器实验 ................................................................................133 6. 4烟雾传感器模块 ........................................................................................................135 6.4.1 烟雾传感器模块的功能特点 ........................................................................135 6.4.2 实验：烟雾传感器模块实验 ........................................................................135 6. 5光强度传感器模块 ....................................................................................................136 6.5.1 数字光模块 GY-30介绍 ...............................................................................136 6.5.2 I2C总线介绍 .................................................................................................137 6.5.3 实验：光强度传感器模块实验 ....................................................................138 思考题.................................................................................................................................142 第 7章 CC2530实现红外通信 ..............................................................................................143 7.1红外通信简介 ............................................................................................................143 7.1.1 红外通信的特点 ............................................................................................143 7.1.2 红外发射和接收 ............................................................................................143 7.1.3 红外遥控发送和接收电路 ............................................................................144 7.1.4 红外发射电路 ................................................................................................145 7.1.5 NEC协议.......................................................................................................145 7. 2实验：中断方式发射红外信号 ................................................................................145 7.3实验： PWM方式输出红外信号 ..............................................................................150 7. 4实验：红外接收实验 ................................................................................................154 第 8章 Z-Stack协议栈...........................................................................................................158 8.1 Z-Stack协议栈基础...................................................................................................158 8.1.1 Z-Stack协议栈简介 ......................................................................................158 8.1.2 Z-Stack协议栈基本概念 ..............................................................................158 8.1.3 Z-Stack的下载与安装 ..................................................................................160 8.2 Sample Application工程 ...........................................................................................161 8.2.1 Sample Application工程简介 .......................................................................161 8.2.2 Sample Application工程概况 .......................................................................163 8.2.3 Sample Application工程初始化与事件的处理............................................163 8.2.4 Sample Application工程事件的处理函数....................................................164 8.2.5 Sample Application工程流程 .......................................................................165 8.3 OSAL循环.................................................................................................................169 8.3.1 Z-Stack的任务调度 ......................................................................................169 8.3.2 Z-Stack主函数 ..............................................................................................170 8.3.3 Z-Stack任务的初始化 ..................................................................................171 8.3.4 Z-Stack的系统主循环 ..................................................................................172 8. 4数据的发送和接收 ....................................................................................................174 8.4.1 网络参数的设置 ............................................................................................174 8.4.2 数据的发送 ....................................................................................................176 8.4.3 数据的接收 ....................................................................................................178 8.5修改 LED驱动 ..........................................................................................................180 8.6修改按键驱动 ............................................................................................................183 8.6.1 Z-Stack的按键机制概述 ..............................................................................183 8.6.2 Z-Stack按键的宏定义 ..................................................................................184 8.6.3 Z-Stack按键初始化代码分析 ......................................................................184 8.6.4 Z-Stack按键的配置 ......................................................................................186 8.6.5 Z-Stack轮询方式按键处理 ..........................................................................188 8.6.6 Z-Stack中断方式按键处理 ..........................................................................193 8.7 Z-Stack 2007串口机制 ..............................................................................................198 8.7.1 串口配置 ........................................................................................................198 8.7.2 串口初始化 ....................................................................................................199 8.7.3 串口接收数据 ................................................................................................203 8.7.4 串口发送数据 ................................................................................................207 8.8 Z-Stack启动分析 ......................................................................................................209 8.8.1 启动配置 ........................................................................................................209 8.8.2 Z-Stack启动相关概念 ..................................................................................209 8.8.3 SampleApp工程协调器启动过程分析 ........................................................213 8.9 ZigBee绑定机制 .......................................................................................................216 8.10 SimpleApp工程.......................................................................................................217 8.10.1 SimpleApp的打开.....................................................................................217 8.10.2 SimpleApp启动分析 .................................................................................218 8.11灯开关实验 ..............................................................................................................219 8.11.1 SimpleController.c......................................................................................219 8.11.2 SimpleSwitch.c...........................................................................................222 8.11.3灯开关实验其他函数分析 ........................................................................226 8. 12传感器采集实验 ......................................................................................................226 8.12.1 SimpleCollector.c.......................................................................................226 8.12.2 SimpleSensor.c...........................................................................................228 8.13 GenericApp 工程......................................................................................................229 8.13.1 GenericApp 工程概述 ...............................................................................229 8. 13.2关键函数分析 ............................................................................................230 8.13.3 GenericApp工程实现数据的收发 ............................................................231 第 9章智能家居系统 .............................................................................................................234 9. 1智能家居系统设计 ....................................................................................................234 9.1.1 智能家居系统的需求分析 ............................................................................234 9.1.2 智能家居系统分析 ........................................................................................234 9.1.3 智能家居系统软件设计 ................................................................................235 9. 2智能家居系统开发环境的搭建 ................................................................................235 9.2.1 Mini6410 ARM11开发板 .............................................................................236 9.2.2 建立 Android应用开发环境 .........................................................................236 9.2.3 在 Android程序中访问串口 .........................................................................239 9.2.4 Android上的 Servlet服务器 i-jetty..............................................................240 9. 3智能家居系统下位机程序设计 ................................................................................241 9.3.1 下位机程序设计思路 ....................................................................................241 9.3.2 一键报警功能下位机实现 ............................................................................241 9.3.3 水浸报警功能下位机实现 ............................................................................242 9.3.4 中断方式报警的红外入侵传感器的实现 ....................................................243 9. 4智能家居系统设置模块 ............................................................................................244 9.4.1 SQLite简介 ...................................................................................................244 9.4.2 Android系统中 SQLite数据库的操作 ........................................................245 9.4.3 智能家居系统设置模块的实现 ....................................................................246 9. 5智能家居系统监听服务 ............................................................................................248 9.5.1 Android Service..............................................................................................248 9.5.2 Android多线程..............................................................................................249 9.5.3 短信的发送与接收 ........................................................................................250 9.5.4 智能家居系统监听服务的实现 ....................................................................251 9.6 Web方式访问智能家居系统 ....................................................................................255 9.6.1 ContentProvider简介.....................................................................................255 9.6.2 ContentProvider操作.....................................................................................256 9.6.3 创建 ContentProvider.....................................................................................258 9.6.4 Web方式访问智能家居系统的实现............................................................258 第 10章智能温室系统 ...........................................................................................................264 10.1 智能温室系统设计 ..................................................................................................264 10.1.1 智能温室定义 ............................................................................................264 10.1.2 智能温室系统的需求分析 ........................................................................264 10.1.3 智能温室系统分析 ....................................................................................264 10.2 入侵检测、水浸检测和烟雾报警的实现 ..............................................................265 10.2.1 学习板的改进 ............................................................................................265 10.2.2 入侵检测的实现 ........................................................................................265 10.2.3 水浸检测的实现 ........................................................................................269 10.2.4 烟雾检测的实现 ........................................................................................270 10.3 Wi-Fi模块的使用....................................................................................................271 10.4 PHP...........................................................................................................................273 10.4.1 PHP简介....................................................................................................273 10.4.2 PHP语法概述............................................................................................274 10.4.3 PHP例程....................................................................................................275 10.5 Drupal.......................................................................................................................276 10.5.1 Drupal简介................................................................................................276 10.5.2 环境功能的实现 ........................................................................................283 10.5.3 控制功能的实现 ........................................................................................298 10.6 温湿度检测的实现 ..................................................................................................305 10.6.1 温湿度传感器 DHT11模块的连接 ..........................................................305 10.6.2 Enddevice.c................................................................................................306 10.6.3 Coordinator.c..............................................................................................309 10.6.4 s7396.php ...................................................................................................309 10.7 光照度检测的实现 ..................................................................................................310 10.7.1 GY-30数字光模块简介 ............................................................................310 10.7.2 Enddevice.c................................................................................................311 10.7.3 Coordinator.c..............................................................................................317 10.7.4 S8657.php...................................................................................................318 10.8 一键报警的实现 ......................................................................................................318 10.8.1 Enddevice.c................................................................................................319 10.8.2 Coordinator.c..............................................................................................319 10.8.3 alert.php......................................................................................................320 10.9 远程控制设备的实现 ..............................................................................................320 10.9.1 继电器简介 ................................................................................................320 10.9.2 远程控制设备处理流程 ............................................................................321 10.9.3 Enddevice.c................................................................................................322 10.9.4 Coordinator.c..............................................................................................323 10.9.5 lamp.php.....................................................................................................325 10. 10微信小程序访问智能温室系统 ............................................................................326 10. 10.1微信小程序简介 .....................................................................................326 10. 10.2微信小程序访问智能温室系统的实现 .................................................326 10.10.3 lol6216.php .............................................................................................331 10. 11智能温室系统休眠功能的实现 ............................................................................332 思考题.................................................................................................................................333 第 11章学生考勤管理系统 ...................................................................................................334 11. 1学生考勤管理系统设计 ..........................................................................................334 11.1.1 校园一卡通学生考勤管理系统的组成 ....................................................334 11.1.2 校园一卡通学生考勤管理系统的可行性分析 ........................................334 11.1.3 校园一卡通学生考勤管理系统的需求分析 ............................................335 11. 2学生考勤管理系统的时钟功能的实现 ..................................................................335 11.2.1 DS1302实时时钟电路 ..............................................................................335 11.2.2 DS1302实时时钟模块 ..............................................................................335 11.2.3 DS1302实时时钟模块的操作说明 ..........................................................335 11.2.4 DS1302时钟模块例程 ..............................................................................337 11.2.5 Z-Stack中使用 DS1302时钟模块实现显示时间的功能 ........................340 11. 3学生考勤管理系统读卡功能的实现 ......................................................................341 11.3.1 RFID介绍 ..................................................................................................341 11.3.2 M104BPC读写模块 ..................................................................................342 11.3.3 例程 ............................................................................................................346 11.3.4 Z-Stack实现读卡功能 ...............................................................................351 第 12章 ZigBee 3.0 .................................................................................................................353 12.1 ZigBee 3.0简介 .......................................................................................................353 12.1.1 Z-Stack 3.0.2 ..............................................................................................353 12.1.2 BDB............................................................................................................354 12.1.3 Z-Stack 3.0.2数据发送实验 .....................................................................356 12.2 ZCL ..........................................................................................................................360 12.2.1 ZCL简介 ...................................................................................................360 12.2.2 ZCL开关命令实验 ...................................................................................360 12.3 ZCL属性的读写实验..............................................................................................365 12.3.1 ZCL属性读命令实验 ...............................................................................365 12.3.2 ZCL属性写命令实验 ...............................................................................369 12.4 CC2530节点与 CC2652R双协议节点的通信实验 ..............................................373 12.4.1 SimpleLink MCU平台 ..............................................................................373 12.4.2 多协议无线 MCU......................................................................................374 12.4.3 CC2652R....................................................................................................374 12.4.4 SIMPLELINK-CC13XX-CC26XX-SDK ..................................................375 12.4.5 实验步骤 ....................................................................................................378 12.5 使用 Wireshark对 ZigBee网络进行抓包分析 ......................................................382 思考题.................................................................................................................................387 参考文献.....................................................................................................................................388