第1章 树莓派简介 ······················································································1
引言·················································1
1.1 树莓派是什么？ ···························1
1.2 树莓派周边配件 ··························11
1.3 树莓派能做什么？ ·······················12
第2章 树莓派入门基础知识 ·····································································21
2.1 系统选型 ···································21
2.2 新系统下载及烧录 ·······················23
2.3 恢复卡制作的操作步骤 ·················24
2.3.1 方法1················································24
2.3.2 方法2················································24
2.4 烧录系统 ···································24
2.5 初始化系统 ································29
第3章 树莓派GPIO的使用 ·······································································46
3.1 GPIO的概念及相关库的使用方法 ···46
3.2 树莓派上使用wiringPi库 ···············47
3.3 如何利用wiringPi优雅地点亮一个
LED灯 ······································51
3.3.1 硬件材料准备··································51
3.3.2 接线方式··········································51
3.3.3 编写代码测试··································52
3.4 玩转流水灯和游侠灯 ····················58
3.4.1 流水灯·············································58
3.4.2 游侠灯··············································59
第4章 树莓派中I2C功能的使用 ································································61
4.1 I2C的概念 ··································61
4.2 I2C实战小项目 ····························62
4.2.1 接线方式··········································62
4.2.2 启用I2C配置 ····································63
目 录
IV 树莓派4 与人工智能实战项目
4.2.3 检测Slave设备状态 ·························65
4.2.4 查询寄存器表并简单测试··············65
4.2.5 编写C语言测试代码 ·······················66
4.2.6 编写Python代码进行测试 ··············68
4.2.7 关于Python中的I2C函数 ·················69
4.3 使用I2C协议的其他应用 ················70
4.3.1 点亮LCD1602液晶屏显示树莓派
的IP地址 ··········································70
4.3.2 利用OLED展示树莓派磁盘状态
信息··················································83
第5章 树莓派SPI介绍及应用实例 ···························································· 88
5.1 SPI协议简介 ······························88
5.1.1 SPI协议概述 ····································88
5.1.2 SPI的优缺点 ····································88
5.1.3 采用主-从模式（Master-Slave）的
控制方式··········································89
5.2 树莓派SPI概述 ···························89
5.2.1 引脚和GPIO映射 ····························89
5.2.2 关于SPI的速度 ································90
5.3 树莓派上启用SPI功能 ··················90
5.3.1 通过raspi-config工具 ······················91
5.3.2 通过编辑/boot/config.txt文件 ·········93
5.3.3 通过图形界面··································93
5.4 树莓派SPI应用实例 ·····················95
5.4.1 检查SPI设备状态 ····························95
5.4.2 准备SPI外设并接入树莓派 ············95
5.4.3 安装Python库文件 ··························96
5.4.4 编写定制的测试代码并进行测试 ····97
5.5 让树莓派变身为一个环境检测站 ··· 101
5.5.1 BME280模块介绍 ·························102
5.5.2 接线方式········································103
5.5.3 编写代码获取数据························103
5.5.4 总结················································112
第6章 树莓派UART串口介绍及应用实例 ··············································· 113
6.1 UART简介 ······························· 113
6.2 树莓派串口说明 ························ 114
6.3 在树莓派上配置启用UART ·········· 115
6.4 在树莓派上进行串口通信 ············ 120
6.4.1 使用Python 语言实现串口
通信 ······························· 120
6.4.2 通过C语言实现串口通信 ·············123
6.4.3 拓展实例········································124
6.5 关于树莓派串口别名及切换
硬件串口 ································· 126
6.5.1 串口别名········································126
6.5.2 更换串口端口································127
6.6 总结 ······································· 128
第7章 树莓派PWM介绍及应用实例 ·······················································129
引言·············································· 129 7.1 PWM控制原理 ·························· 129
目录 V
7.2 树莓派PWM通道信息 ················· 130
7.3 wiringPi库的PWM接口介绍 ········· 131
7.3.1 硬件PWM ······································131
7.3.2 软件PWM ····································132
7.3.3 软件PWM注意事项 ······················133
7.4 PWM应用项目实战 ···················· 134
7.4.1 呼吸灯效果····································134
7.4.2 舵机控制········································138
第8章 树莓派开源网络应用实例 ·····························································144
引言·············································· 144
8.1 树莓派搭建RTMP流媒体服务器 ···· 145
8.1.1 安装Nginx及模块··························145
8.1.2 启用RTMP ·····································148
8.1.3 客户端连接测试····························151
8.2 树莓派搭建Samba文件服务器 ······· 156
8.2.1 什么是Samba文件服务器 ·············156
8.2.2 需要准备的设备····························156
8.2.3 安装配置Samba服务器 ·················157
8.3 树莓派搭建NFS文件服务器 ········· 163
8.3.1 什么是NFS文件服务器 ················163
8.3.2 需要的设备····································163
8.3.3 安装配置NFS文件系统 ················163
8.4 树莓派搭建日志服务器 ··············· 169
8.4.1 什么是日志服务器························169
8.4.2 需要的硬件····································170
8.4.3 安装rsyslog服务 ····························170
8.4.4 配置rsyslog作为服务器 ················170
8.4.5 创建新模板····································171
8.4.6 重启服务并测试····························172
8.5 树莓派搭建MariaDB数据库
服务器 ···································· 175
8.5.1 什么是MariaDB ····························175
8.5.2 MariaDB 和 MySQL 的区别 ········175
8.5.3 安装MariaDB ································176
8.5.4 配置MariaDB ································176
8.5.5 创建一个数据库····························178
8.5.6 添加一张表····································179
8.5.7 插入几条记录································180
8.6 树莓派搭建PostgreSQL数据
库服务器 ································· 182
8.6.1 什么是PostgreSQL数据库 ············182
8.6.2 安装PostgreSQL ····························182
8.6.3 配置PostgreSQL ····························182
8.6.4 创建数据库····································183
8.6.5 常见控制台命令····························184
8.6.6 基本SQL语句 ·······························185
8.7 树莓派搭建Mosquitto MQTT
服务器 ··································· 186
8.7.1 什么是MQTT服务器 ····················186
8.7.2 安装Mosquitto 服务器 ··················187
8.7.3 检测服务器状态····························187
8.7.4 在树莓派上测试Mosquitto代理 ···187
8.7.5 多主机测试····································189
8.7.6 尝试使用Python的paho-mqtt库 ····190
8.8 树莓派搭建DHCP服务器 ············· 193
8.8.1 什么是DHCP服务器 ·····················193
8.8.2 测试环境········································193
8.8.3 配置1号主机DHCP服务 ···············194
8.8.4 修改DHCP服务的配置 ·················194
VI 树莓派4 与人工智能实战项目
8.8.5 重启服务以生效配置····················195
8.8.6 开启路由转发································195
8.8.7 配置IPtables实现流量路由 ···········196
8.8.8 注意事项········································196
8.9 总结 ······································· 197
第9章 树莓派上利用TensorFlow实现对象检测 ······································198
引言·············································· 198
9.1 软硬件环境介绍 ························ 198
9.1.1 硬件准备········································198
9.1.2 软件准备········································199
9.2 操作步骤 ································· 199
9.2.1 更新系统及软件仓库 ···················199
9.2.2 创建TensorFlow的工作目录 ·······199
9.2.3 安装TensorFlow的Python库和部分
依赖················································200
9.2.4 安装OpenCV视觉框架 ·················200
9.2.5 编译安装Protobuf组件··················201
9.2.6 重启系统········································203
9.2.7 重新登录系统并设置TensorFlow
目录结构 ·······································203
9.2.8 下载TensorFlow模型 ····················204
9.2.9 修改用户初始化配置文件············204
9.2.10 利用protoc编译Protocol Buffer
文件 ·············································204
9.2.11 下载ssdlite_mobilenet_v2_coco
模型··············································205
9.3 对象检测测试 ··························· 205
9.3.1 在树莓派上启用摄像头················205
9.3.2 下载检测脚本································205
9.3.3 接入摄像头····································206
9.3.4 执行脚本并进行检测····················206
9.4 总结 ······································· 208
第10章 树莓派扫描仪—树莓派+OpenCV ···········································209
引言·············································· 209
10.1 原理 ····································· 209
10.2 硬件准备 ······························· 210
10.3 软件准备 ······························· 211
10.3.1 软件包版本信息··························211
10.3.2 查看软件版本的方法··················211
10.4 配置环境 ······························· 212
10.4.1 检查网络状态······························212
10.4.2 更新软件仓库并安装软件··········212
10.4.3 创建并激活虚拟环境 ··················213
10.4.4 启用摄像头··································213
10.5 代码调试 ······························· 215
10.6 应用拓展 ······························· 219
10.7 总结 ····································· 221
第11章 AI换鼻子—树莓派+OpenCV ··················································222
引言·············································· 222 11.1 AI换鼻子的原理 ······················ 223
目录 VII
11.2 硬件需求 ······························· 223
11.3 软件需求 ······························· 223
11.3.1 Raspbian操作系统 ·······················223
11.3.2 Python3 环境 ·······························224
11.3.3 virtualenv环境 ·····························225
11.3.4 dlib库 ··········································226
11.3.5 shape_predictor工具和get_frontal_
face_detector函数 ························226
11.3.6 预测模型库下载 ·························228
11.4 操作步骤 ······························· 228
11.4.1 烧录镜像，启动并完成初始化
配置··············································228
11.4.2 启动树莓派··································232
11.4.3 接入摄像头·································236
11.4.4 系统初始化环境调试··················237
11.4.5 树莓派摄像头测试······················239
11.4.6 编写代码······································239
11.5 开挖脑洞，发散思维 ················ 262
11.6 总结 ····································· 262
第12章 树莓派通过U盘启动系统 ····························································263
引言·············································· 263
12.1 硬件需求 ······························· 263
12.2 前期准备 ······························· 264
12.3 更新升级系统 ························· 264
12.4 更新bootloader ························ 264
12.5 检查启动选项 ························· 265
12.6 无卡启动测试 ························· 268
12.7 制作USB启动盘 ······················ 268